The highest risk for PMI was left ventricular outflow tract repair, trisomy 21, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass, and aortic cross times. There was a 31% rate of pacing reintervention.Conclusion: PMI resulted in significant morbidity but without mortality. All implanted leads were functional except for 2 leads with high thresholds and another biventricular system infection. Pacing-induced dilated cardiomyopathy occurred in 3 patients. Most patients underwent ventricular septal defect closure (isolated or complex), except for 5 patients who underwent left-sided surgery.
All initial PMIs were epicardial (18 single chamber). The mean Risk Adjustment in Congenital Heart Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgery scores were higher in patients with PMI. Trisomy 21 patients were 4 times more likely to need a PMI (95% CI 1.8-9, P < 0.001). Mean cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic clamp times were significantly longer among surgeries complicated with PMI (P≤ 0.05).
HEART HOLES TREATMENT PASSMAKER GENERATOR
At the time of the initial PMI, the median weight was 5 kg, and the median generator longevity was 45 months. The incidence rate was 1.8%, with a median follow-up time of 4.5 years. A total of 26 patients were included between 20. This was a retrospective study documenting all pacemaker implantations (PMIs) secondary to postoperative atrioventricular block.
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